Wedding Speech - Original Writing - 985 Words

â€Å"Mary!† â€Å"Time for dinner!† My mother’s harsh voice rang through the halls. She did this every night, called me down without ever warning me when. Anita, our maid couldn’t do this either. She was†¦ different. Unlike my family. Anita has silky, dark brown skin and midnight black hair. She sleeps in the guest bedroom With only a small twin bed, and a bedside lamp on a small nightstand. She also has a small closet for her tiny assortment of clothing. My dad explained to my sisters and I, that she is a disgrace to us. She works with little pay for my family of six. There was something about her. Something that we shouldn’t hate her for, but I couldn’t recognize it. It’s 1963, and I’m finally going to be 15 in August. August 28, to be exact. Every day, I go to a private school for girls. I love school. I love my friends, and I actually like some of the homework. We have uniforms; navy A-line dresses, and black satin shoes. Nothing too fancy. At school, we learn the basi c academics, algebra, literature, geography, and chemistry. There are very few girls of color. No one really likes them because we are all taught to dislike them. That they were used as slaves back then. However, that doesn’t really matter to me because I know that all of them are good people on the inside. â€Å"Mary,† Anita calls questioningly as I am working on homework. â€Å"What?† I ask. â€Å"Having trouble?† â€Å"No, I’m fine!† I yell back. â€Å"Well, if you just add the 6 and 8 you have your answer!† she said confidently. â€Å" IShow MoreRelatedWedding Speech - Original Writing1232 Words   |  5 PagesI skipped through the gardens, my large eyes darting back and forth at all the new things I had never seen before. It was a big move, from a constant summer state to one with all seasons. There were different plants and animals and I intended to find them all. I lift up my skirt, making sure the hem doesn t become dirty. Mother would be terribly angry if I came back dirty, considering my engagement party was in an hour. One hour to explore like a silly child, my mother said harshly, I ll ringRead MoreWedding Speech - Original Writing940 Words   |  4 Pages Whats for dinner, Mom? I couldn t help the smile that broke out on my face upon hearing those words. The last-meal-of the month had become an eagerly awaited family adventure and I ll admit, I enjoyed the challenge. I don t know about dinner, I answered, but I m sure Ill come up with something. My son watched as I gathered whatever I found lurking in the refrigerator and cupboards and placed it on the counter so that my imagination could magically conjure up a dinnerRead MoreWedding Speech - Original Writing1009 Words   |  5 PagesOnce upon a time there was a gentleman who took for his second wife the proudest and haughtiest woman that was ever seen. She had two daughters who were just like her in every way, bad disposition and all. The husband had a young daughter of his own, but she was sweet and good. She took after her mother, who had been the best in the world. The marriage ceremony was hardly over when the stepmother s temper flared up. She could not abide this young girl, whose goodness made her own daughters seemRead MoreWedding Speech - Original Writing1223 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Beep! Beep! Beep!† My alarm clock only had to ring three times for me to turn it off and hop out of bed that morning. The day before I had hit snooze twice refusing to get up, but today was different, it held a special purpose. I pulled on my bathing suit, a pair of shorts, and a hoodie, and ran down the steps into the kitchen. My mom was in her usual morning spot, in a big white chair off the kitchen with her bible open, and her reading glasses on. On the table were two pieces of cinnamon toastRead MoreWedding Speech - Original Writing879 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Thank you, kind ladies for your hospitality,† he said. â€Å"It was most kind of you both to invite me to dinner.† â€Å"Certainly,† Anya and her mother stood, her mother moving closer to lead him toward the door of the room. â€Å"You are always quite welcome here, don’t be afraid to pop in unannounced.† Anya saw a small smile alight upon his lips, and she was uncertain of its meaning. â€Å"I certainly shall,† Volkov said softly. â€Å"Until next time, then.† Volkov took Lada’s hand and lightly kissed her hand. ThenRead MoreWedding Speech - Original Writing1089 Words   |  5 PagesAs I woke up, I could feel the warm sun hit my face. A feeling that I had missed as there had been constant rain for the past two weeks. I lay still in the warmth of my bed, refusing to wake up until I heard a knock on my door. I knew exactly who it was, it was our German student Rosi. I got out of bed and stumbled as I opened the door. Not yet awake, Rosi’s voice pierced my ears as she suggested today was the day we should go to the beach. We went downstairs to make breakfast. I could hear theRead MoreWedding Speech - Original Writing999 Words   |  4 Pageslived next door. She brought her grandson and he kept giving me looks. Most of the people wrote cute â€Å"get well† messages on my cast. Eventually, the old woman’s grandson approached me nervously and scribbled something on my cast. Once he finished writing, I saw he wrote his number. I was going to say something but he had already walked away and was lost in the crowd. While I was showing everyone my gratitude and thanked them for supporting me, I noticed the old woman pull a strange looking plantRead MoreWedding Speech - Original Writing1209 Words   |  5 Pages I walked up to my mother timidly hoping that my mother would let me sleep over at my cousin s house. Most of my family members were at the house already to celebrate my aunt s birthday. Is there any chance that I can stay at my cousin s house? It s Saturday so I don t have school tomorrow, I said it so quietly that I was afraid she couldn t hear me over the loud music. Okay, she said,but you need to help clean up when all of the guests leave the party. Do you understand? Yes!Read MoreWedding Speech - Original Writing957 Words   |  4 Pages Kaitlyn. Erika. Richards, Jordan started, taking a short pause between each word. You. Are. Such. An. Idiot. She punched me in the arm. Ouch... I said, grabbing my arm. Was that really necessary? I glared at her. Since you re deserving of worse, I d say so, you retard. She shouted, punching me even harder this time. Is the name calling really needed? Seriously? I rolled my eyes in annoyance. I think I already get your point... I m stupid. It s not like I didn t come to that suddenRead MoreWedding Speech - Original Writing2575 Words   |  11 Pageseager for her wedding day. As she drinks water to get rid of the bitter taste she had in her mouth she thinks, â€Å"Is all this really worth it?† Did part of her and her groom’s life savings really have to be spent on a party? She asked herself is she was nervous about the wedding, excited about this new stage in her life, or was she uneasy of all the money that was spent. She shook her head trying to stop overthinking and continued to get ready. Introduction We all know that a wedding is a ceremony

Police brutality - 1678 Words

Tinker-Martin6 Police Brutality, Have Times Really Changed The history of Police Brutality for minorities; especially people of color has left America wondering have times changed. Police brutality has deemed the opportunity for socioeconomic advancement or access to good and services for many Black/African Americans dating back as far as 1955. The system of Police brutality has affected many realms of society for minorities’ employment and family life. After some scholarly research, police brutality is still prevalent in the Black/African American community; moreover, it comes in many different forms and fashions. Police brutality is the use of excessive and/or unnecessary force by police when dealing with civilians. Excessive use†¦show more content†¦Despite the important racial progresss our society has made since Emmett Till’s death, from the civil rights era, to present increase of police brutality has still left the Black/African American community in sha dows of segregation. The second most recent shooting of teenager Michael Brown has left citizens in ongoing battles with law enforcement officers of Ferguson, Missouri. New Statement (2014) reports, Missouri police similarly attempted to retain control of the narrative, claiming Brown had stolen cigars, and then paying for them, and then claiming he was a bad child and attacked the officer who shot him† (New Statement, 21). Brown autopsy reveals he was gun less and shot six times. Police brutality is not solely about Ferguson, Emmett Till, or the civil rights movement, but it is simply about the history of capitalism and police brutality in America and having many forms of it. Which leads us to the question has times really changed are is police brutality still very surreal. Granted we talked mostly about Emmet Till, Trayvon Martin Michael Brown, and the civil rights these are not the only men or eras in time where police brutality has and still to this day is taking place. A few others who have suffered and died from police brutality include: Ezzel Ford who was mentally disabled and John Crawford III who was playing with a toy gun inShow MoreRelatedThe Causes Of Police Brutality810 Words   |  4 Pages Police brutality remains to be one of the most abused human rights in the US.Police have actet out in ways that have made people wonder â€Å"Are officers of the law really doing there job?† Over takats African Americans have gotten discriminated .But for over 50 years those who are to protect us are not.One of the reasons that The media contributes to police brutality is by leaving some stories untold or even change it which then leaves an false impression for the readers . The Media only reportsRead MoreA Report On Police Brutality1367 Words   |  6 PagesStudent Name Instructor Date Course Police Brutality There is various forms of human rights violation currently in the United States, however; Police abuse remains the most serious of them all. Police brutality is, therefore, the use of excessive force or even unnecessary force by the police while they are dealing with civilians. People are left wondering if the police are doing the jobs they were appointed to do under the law. They act in ways such as the use of guns and pepper sprays to intimidateRead MorePolice Brutality1569 Words   |  7 PagesPersuasive/Policy/Problem/Cause/Solution Central Idea/Thesis: Police brutality should be regulated with greater strength and objectivity. INTRODUCTION I. Police brutality is constantly made known to us all through mass media, but I hadn’t ever taken the time to truly grasp the severity of it until it hit close to home. A. Three weeks ago, a close family friend was brutally beaten in front of his children at a family gathering by the police. B. My purpose is to persuade my audience that police brutality should be regulated with greaterRead MorePolice Brutality And The Police Essay940 Words   |  4 Pages Police brutality refers to the use of excessive force against a civilian. The controversies that surround the topic of police brutality relate to different definitions and expectations over what is meant by excessive force. Indeed, police officers are expressly authorized to use necessary, reasonable force to perform their duties. As Jerome Skolnick, an influential police scholar in the United States, underscores: â€Å"as long as members of society do not comply with the law and resist the police, forceRead MorePolice Brutality And The Police851 Words   |  4 Pagesthe police, your opinion may vary. Let me ask you a question about our police force. But keep this in mind, in October 2015 alone, there was 81 deaths by the police. With that being said, who’s to protect us from whose protecting the block? I don t care who you are, you have to be able to realize nowadays that the police brutality is getting out of hand, that the power surge is growing and growing. Look around, there s an increase of civilians death via cops, an increase of reports of police wrongdoingRead MorePolice Brutality2853 Words   |  12 PagesPolice Protality: Introduction Police brutality has been and continues to be of major concern in society. First of all, police brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of physical force, assault, verbal attacks or slurs, and threats by any law enforcement officer. Efforts to police communities, throughout history, have been tainted by brutality ans abuse of power to some degree. The term police brutality is commonly used very loosely to any and all forms of policeRead MorePolice Brutality1263 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Police Brutality Did you know that Police brutality is the intentional use of excessive force, usually physical, but potentially also in the form of verbal attacks and psychological intimidation, by a police officer? Despite major improvements in police practices (since 1981) reports of alleged police misconduct and abuse continue to spread through the nation. Police Brutality still goes on around the world today with improvements of enforcing police brutality in police departments. There haveRead MorePolice Brutality1865 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Police Brutality is Prevalent Background Information Over the recent years, police have been one of the organizations to be associated with the largest cases of misconduct. Police brutality can be termed as the process of misuse and abuse of authority by the police. The rising cases of police brutality are causing more harm to the public, compared to the actions perpetrated by real criminals. Although police claim that it’s sometimes necessary to curb crime, the process is illegal and police officersRead MorePolice Brutality Over The Years1458 Words   |  6 PagesIt feels as if nothing has changed about police brutality over the years. The usual cycle is that juries acquit the police, cops get their jobs back, and brutality happens again. One of the most broadcasted cases of police brutality, was the beating of Rodney King. On the night of March 2, 1991, a bystander named George Holiday, videotaped the moment when five officers used excess force on an African American man named Rodney King, beating him with batons as he strugg led on the ground. Also, it wasRead MorePolice Misconduct and Police Brutality985 Words   |  4 Pages We hear about police misconduct case and wonder, Why don’t they do anything to stop this? Many say that we should keep the police officers’ perspective in mind. Others say that these actions are due to racism or post 9/11 paranoia. Whatever the excuse may be for these cases, there should be no need for violence anywhere. Police brutality videos go viral and reveal to the world that it actually happens and that it may happen to you too. This pervades people with fear and anger because their

Bringing Tobacco Into Canada

If youre a Canadian traveling abroad and discover a new kind of pipe tobacco you know your grandfather would like, can you bring it home with you and get it through customs?   There are some specific rules about how much and who can bring tobacco into Canada. Its wise to be familiar with these rules before you get to the customs line; otherwise, your wish of bringing tobacco products home with you could go up in smoke. Returning Canadians, visitors to Canada, and people moving to settle in Canada are allowed to bring a limited amount of tobacco into Canada with certain restrictions. You must be over the age of 18 for any of these rules to apply, however, and you can only bring tobacco products for your own personal use. A special duty applies to cigarettes, tobacco sticks or loose tobacco unless they are marked with an excise tax stamp reading DUTY PAID CANADA DROIT ACQUITTÉ (droite  acquittà © is French for duty paid).  Canadian-made products sold at duty-free shops are marked this way. Here are the specific limits and kinds of tobacco products that a Canadian can bring through customs under his or her personal exemption (the personal exemption allows Canadians to bring goods of a certain value into the country duty- and tax-free). 200 cigarettes50 cigars200 grams (7 ounces) of manufactured tobacco200 tobacco sticks These limits apply to tobacco products as long as they accompany the person bringing them into Canada (in other words, you cant ship or import the tobacco separately like you can with some other goods). If you bring in more than allowed under your personal exemption, youll pay any applicable duty on the excess amount. How to Report Tobacco Products at Customs The amount you claim for your personal exemption must be reported in  Canadian dollars. If you arent sure of their value, you can use a foreign currency exchange converter, and enter the amount you paid for the items (keep those receipts) and the currency used.   And an important note for Canadian citizens and temporary residents: the length of time youve been out of the country determines what youre allowed to claim as your personal exemption. If its been less than 48 hours, your tobacco products will be subject to the usual duties and taxes. Try to have any tobacco products readily available when you arrive at the country border. Digging through your luggage to find those cigars or cigarettes will only make the process take longer. Try not to forget the emergency pack of cigarettes you have stashed in your pocket; you have to declare all tobacco products, even open packages.   Taking Tobacco to Other Countries Canadians traveling to other countries should become familiar with the rules about bringing Canadian tobacco products with them before they depart. The rules can vary considerably from one country to the next (even for Canadas neighbors to the south).

UNESCOs Four Pillars of Learning Applied Essay - 2726 Words

UNESCO’s four pillars of education (learning to know, learning to do, learning to live together, and learning to be) are guiding principles for educational change that emphasize a holistic and sustainable approach – a higher order set of skills to aspire for self-actualization to better meet our complex and ever-changing world. The pillars cut through cultural differences and unify all ages; they emphasize the basic individual right towards a new vision of life-long learning for the 21st Century. â€Å"Lifelong learning† covers learning from preschool age to post-retirement age ; however, much attention and research have been focused on education and learning for children and youth with little attention focused on the adult aspect of†¦show more content†¦I realized early on in my field study that the non-traditional ‘classroom’ setting of place of work was in fact an ideal source to observe evidence (or lack-there-of) of the values promot ed in ‘learning to do’, the pillar I would like to highlight in this paper. According to the UNESCO report Learning the Treasure Within (1996), the value of ‘learning to do’ not only involves acquiring â€Å"an occupational skill, but also more broadly, the competence to deal with many situations...It also means learning to do in a context of †¦ various social and work experiences, which may be informal as a result of the local or national context, or formal, involving courses, alternating study and work.† Interestingly when this report was issued in 1996, the vision was of creating and educating competent, skilled and mature individuals who were able to positively contribute to society; however, recent financial collapses in the global market due to dishonest and irresponsible conduct of members of the workforce have influenced the importance of ‘transparency’ and ‘sustainability’ of company interactions and transactions; this in turn has created a new focus for the values of learning to do. In UNESCOâ⠂¬â„¢s more recent publication, the Revised Recommendation concerningShow MoreRelatedAll About Peace Education13195 Words   |  53 Pagesprogressive societies. The promotion of peace through education is at the heart of UNESCO’s mission. As stated in its constitution of 1945, UNESCO advances international peace and the common welfare of humanity through educational, scientific and cultural relations between peoples of the world. Though the world has changed over the past sixty years and continues to change at an ever increasing rate, UNESCO’s mission - a commitment to promoting universal values of peace and nonviolence, humanRead MoreThe Universal Declaration of Human Rights1840 Words   |  8 Pageswhat kind of education or who should provide it? The fact is that UDHR was drawn up in 1948 when only a minority of young people in the world had access to any type of education, however, today we can say that situation is much better, showing that four out of five adults worldwide have some literacy skills. The purpose of the UDHRs article XXVI is not just having quantative aspect, but also qualitative. The UDHRs article XX VI has certain provisions that must be fulfilled in order to have qualitativeRead MoreA Study On Higher Education9871 Words   |  40 Pages2013). Yet still the country is well below average of the lower-middle-income economies (22.8% in 2012) [12]. In regards to the issue of HE being an economic driver, research by Sujitparapitaya et al. [13] shows that HE services sub-sector is a vital pillar of the US economy. Approximately 8.4% of the US population were enrolled in HEIs during the 2008-09 academic year, while in 2000-2001 over half a million foreign students studied in the USA bringing almost $11.04 billion into the U.S. economy [14]Read MoreKenyan Tourism Industry11160 Words   |  45 Pagessustainable Development 2.1 Meaning of ecotourism Although the origins of the concept of ecotourism are not certain, one of the first sources to have contributed to the discourse appears to be Hetzer (1965), who identified four pillars or principles of responsible tourism. These four pillars are minimizing environmental impacts, respecting the host cultures, maximizing benefits to local people, and maximizing tourist satisfaction (Blamey, 2001). Ecotourism holidays demand was boosted by concrete evidence

Debt And Its Effects On America - 1040 Words

With the United States only now beginning to recover from the throes of the Great Recession, the good American worker (armed with nightmarish memories of mass unemployment and bankruptcy) generally views large amounts of debt in a negative light, with television pundits regularly criticizing the federal government for the $18 trillion of national debt. Entire generations of Americans have been conditioned to view debtors as moochers and failures, unwilling to work hard in order to earn their own money. This negative opinion of debt is further compounded with the historic negative effects of debt: complete loss of assets, homelessness, and bankruptcy. However, contrary to public opinion, the national debt—and, in fact, all debts—will act†¦show more content†¦While many Americans today have a very weak will to work hard or improve themselves, a strong motivating force—such as debt—would surely encourage the nation as a whole to become more produc tive. On the one hand, Americans today are lazier than ever: only a small percentage works more than twenty hours a day. On the other hand, the debt-driven American will push himself or herself to pay off his debts, in order to prevent his home from being repossessed, becoming determined to work daily twenty-five hour shifts. The debtor also will develop a new sense of priority in order to further fuel his motivation for hard, debt-paying work. Just as the physically unfit will cut sweets, carbohydrates, and food altogether from his or her diet, the debtor will cut such things as medical insurance, electricity, indoor plumbing, and even a home in order to be able to spend more time working to meet minimum monthly payments . After all, like the â€Å"more than 600,000 homes [that] entered some stage of foreclosure† (Foreclosures), debtors without homes are able to spend more time working, don’t have to pay the bills, and don’t have to pay property taxes, enc ouraging them to work even harder to pay off their debts. How productive this power of debt can be is illustrated when â€Å"a [five-year-old girl’s mother trafficked the child to pay off a drug debt† (Netter). If a woman can be so motivated by debt that she would sell her own

Tigers Essay Paper Example For Students

Tigers Essay Paper Panthera tigris altaica, better know as the Siberian or the Amur tiger lives primarily in eastern Russia, and a few are found in northeastern China and northern North Korea. It is estimated that 150 to 200 tigers exist today in the wild. There are roughly 490 Siberian tigers that are managed in zoos world wide, and an unknown number as to how many exist privately. In this century alone, the Siberian tiger has managed to survive four wars, two revolutions, and now the brutal slaughter on their forests. Wild tigers exist in Asian countries China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal,By this IUCN status this animal is considered to be Critical, its numbers in the wild have fluctuated from an incredibly low 24 tigers in the 1940s to what IUCN now estimates is 150 to 200 in 1994. There are only three protected areas for these tigers in Russia-the Sikhote-Alin (3,470 km2), Lazovsky (1,165 km2), and Kedrovaya Pad (178 km2) Rese rves-inland from the Sea of Japan in the Russian Far East.There have been sightings of these magnificent animals in Changbaishan, near the Chinese border, were it was reported in a Chinese newspaper in 1990, and some are still found along the Russian border. The Cat Specialist Group suggests that there are probably fewer than 50 Siberian tigers in China. It is widely believed that the tigers in Russia will define the future of the species. The other sites are too small to harbor tiger populations large enough for the survival of the species. The Law of the Russian Federation on Environmental Protection and Management of 1992 gave the Siberian tiger legal protection that they deserved. Despite the law of protection, poaching has received a considerable amount of attention in the press today. Authorities say that the killing of tigers is a new enterprise. One reason for the poaching is traditional Chinese medicine. The captive program for Siberian tigers is the largest and longest managed program for any of the subspecies. The Siberian tiger is one of the models for the creation of scientifically managed programs for species in captivity. This program takes place globally in zoos and aquariums. According to the 1994 International Tiger Studbook there are about 490 Siberian tigers managed in zoos 226 of them in Europe, 151 in North America, 93 in Japan, and about 20 more scattered among Asian zoos. This captive population is descended from 83 wild-caught founders. For the most part, the Siberian tiger is considered secure i n captivity. With the large genetically diverse gene pool that exists, these animals are considered to be a stable population. The Siberian tigers are the heaviest subspecies, the larger tigers weighting at 500 and more or 225-kg. With the males being heavier than the females, like many other species. The lightest subspecies is the Sumatran; these males weigh at about 250 pounds or 110 kg and the females at around 200 pounds or 90 kg. In order to obtain and maintain this weight these cats have to eat large masses of food, every day. A wild tiger can eat over 60 pounds of meat at one siting. . Despite the tigers great power and accurate senses, it dedicates a lot of time to hunting, because only one in ten hunting are calculated to be successful. It mainly preys on deer or wild pig, and fish providing it can catch them. Depending on the subspecies, the head-body length of these tigers is about 41/2 to 9 feet or 1.4-2.8 m. the length of the tail is 3 to 4 feet or 90-120 cm. The footpa ds vary in size with the age of the animal. This leads to inaccurate estimates when used it in counting the animals in wild populations. This magnificent animal carries the Chinese mark of Wang or king on the forehead. .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d , .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d .postImageUrl , .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d , .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d:hover , .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d:visited , .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d:active { border:0!important; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d:active , .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufa989a18b48143f9a940a8eb9432cf9d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Black Death EssayTigers have round pupils and yellow irises, excluding the blue eyes of white tigers. The tigers have evolved to better vision at night. Due to a retinal adaptation that reflects light back to the retina. This provides to be useful when hunting at night. Tigers have excellent Binocular and color vision. At night, the tiger can see well over 6 times better than humans. The length of a Tigers tail is 3 to 4 feet long, about half as long as its body. They use their tails for balance when running through fast turns. Tigers also use their tails to communicate with other tigers. Like domestic cats, tiger claws are retractable. Like many other animals tigers m ark there territory. Tigers mark their territories by spraying bushes and trees with a mixture of urine and scent gland secretions. They will also leave scratch marks on trees. The size of a tigers territory depends on the amount of food available, and usually ranges from about 10 to 30 square miles or 26-78 sq. km. Siberian tigers sometimes have unusually large territories, this can be as large as 120 square miles. Although tigers usually live alone, their territories can overlap. A male tigers territory usually overlaps those of several female tigers. No one knows exactly why tigers have striped, but some scientists think that the stripes act as camouflage, and aid in tigers hunt from their prey. The Sumatran tiger has the most stripes of all the tiger subspecies, and the Siberian tiger has the fewest stripes. Tiger stripes are much like human fingerprints; no two tigers have the same pattern of stripes. Tiger cubs are born blind and weigh only about 2 to 3 pounds or 1 kg, respective to the subspecies. They live on their mothers milk for 6-8 weeks before the female begins taking them hunting to eat. Tigers fully developed canines in about 16 months of age, but they do not begin making their own kills until about 18 months of age. Young tigers live with their mother until they are two to three years old, then they find their own territories to occupy. The average life span of tigers in the wild is thought to be about 10 years. Tigers that are brought up in zoos can live twice as long or longer. Unlike some other large cats, adult t igers prefer to live their lives in solitude. Except for mothers tigers who take care of their cubs. This is partly due to the fact a single tiger has a better chance sneaking up and bouncing its prey, more efficiently than a large group of tigers could. These animals and many other animals like them should be reserved. No other living creature surpasses their beauty. As this picture illustrates these animals were truly the masters of their domain. Before humans came and destroyed their homes. This cat is one of the most powerful cats in the world. Weighting in at 500 and change this animal can tear though its prey, like a hot knife though butter. Bibliography:http://www.5tigers.org/http://www.mnsinc.com/osfan/tiger.htmhttp://www.uidaho.edu/rsrch/hwi/main.htmhttp://mmm.arizonaguide.com/out_of_africa/splash.html

Future Prospects of 3G in Bangladesh free essay sample

Though first mobile communication was launched in 1946 in USA, the development of mobile technology was stagnant till late 70’s due to technological constraint. The tremendous development of semi-conductor technology during this period and subsequent innovation of microprocessors in 1975 helped mobile to breakthrough commercially. Till further development of cellular technology, capacity problem was the key constraint of commercial mobile. In 1978total number of mobile (only in USA) was no above 10,000. Mobile technology up to this is termed as 0 Generation Mobile. World Mobile market even after full maturity of 2. 0G/2. 5G technology is still striving to migrate to Third Generation. Second Generation which was supposed to be obsolete by this time, today still acquires 85% of the market share. 3G after 8 years (since 2001) of start acquires only 15%market share. 3GPP before significant deployment of WCDMA based 3G declares the OFDMA based new standard LTE. 3GPP in line technologies UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA, HSPA+ has not bothered for logical gap to offer for deployment. When critics are still asking about the success of 3G, declaration of LTE puts the situation yet complex. This is off course the investment challenge for the mobile operators. Though vendors are very much optimistic about benefit of entering earlier in 3G chains and promising about smooth migration to upward technology by software up gradation only, countries like Bangladesh are to think twice to enter in such no returning vessel. Every vendor has astringent experience about software up gradation of the proprietary system. It is Mobile WiMAX that compels 3GPP to develop LTE. Vendors deliberately declare LTE roadmap ahead of time to defend against Mobile WiMAX. At this instant LTE is the choice more to the leading CDMA operators in USA to deploy quickly because of the bottleneck of CDMA to higher data rate. WCDMA operators are little pessimistic about quick LTE. Despite my own attachment with a mobile operator, the insight in the article is from my personal viewpoint. 2. What is 3G? 3G, or Third Generation, is a somewhat generic term for network technologies that the ITU classifies as part of their IMT-2000 specification. Generally, wireless network technologies must be able to provide a mobile device with a downlink connection speed of 384kbps in order to be considered a 3G technology. The most used 3G technologies are WCDMA, CDMA 1xEV-DO, and, technically, EDGE and CDMA 1xRTT. 3. 2G-3G-4G: 2G, first introduced in 1992, is the second-generation of cellular telephone technology and the first to use digital encryption of conversations. 2G networks were the first to offer data services and SMS text messaging, but their data transfer rates are lower than those of their successors. 3G networks succeed 2G ones, offering faster data transfer rates and are the first to enable video calls. This makes them especially suitable for use in modern smartphones, which require constant high-speed internet connection for many of their applications. 4G is the fourth generation of mobile phone communications standards. It is a successor of the 3G and provides ultra-broadband internet access for mobile devices. The high data transfer rates make 4G networks suitable for use in USB wireless modems for laptops and even home internet access. 4. Features of 3G: The customers will get a high speed network for their communication which is far better than the 2G technology, particularly in data communication. The customer will get wireless broadband. Customer can see video or satellite based programs like TV programs using this technology. Customers can use all the facilities at same time. It may also be cheap than the other traditional media we are using, as a result of price war. The many in one service will be available at the same network. Due to use of the DTH the 3G technology, everyone will use these multi-purpose services to avoid time loss and keeping records for different service providers. All 3G service provides high speed internet service including: Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution, known as EDGE, Code Division Multiple Access, or CDMA 2000, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System or UMTS, Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, or WiMax. UMTS HSDPA (High speed Downlink packet access) 5. Global Perspective: The world of telecommunications has changed rapidly over the last decade as we have entered the era of convergence between mobile networks, broadband communication, and the content sector. Consumers are demanding for advanced services such as mobile TV, mobile broadband Internet and other value added applications; the demand has increased tremendously in recent years and is considered as a key driver for further growth of ICT industry. Speed and bandwidth are two main support factors to supply the required wish list of mobile subscriber’s for attaining maximum value from mobile handset way beyond a simple voice call. In the growing scenario, where mobile voice services become uniform with increasing price competition, innovative data services made possible by the 3rd Generation (3G) networks are important for generating profit and growth. According to International Telecommunication Union (ITU) mobile network or service based on the International Mobile Telecommunication-2000 (IMT-2000) family of global standards is commonly referred to as â€Å"3G mobile†. These mobile systems provide higher transmission rates than possible in second generation (2G) wireless technologies, enabling many advanced applications such as mobile videoconferencing, video phone/mail, mobile TV/Video player, and digital audio/video delivery. Thus, the true provision of communication, information, and entertainment via the mobile platform will be impossible without the successful dissemination of 3G services. The unprecedented necessity of deploying 3G mobile services has escorted operators globally; today there are approximately 1 billion 3G subscribers in over 150 economies. The following graph shows the growth of mobile subscribers over last three years and future growth trends by 2015. We can clearly observe that the present global market share of 3G subscribers is 18. 4 % which is predicted to reach 42. 7% by 2015, whereas the 2G mobile subscribers show no further growth trends. 3G mobile services are bringing a swift change in mobile broadband adoption, increase in data revenues for mobile operators with steady ARPUs. The following graph underlines how 3G will drive mobile broadband connections into the next decade, enabling 85% of mobile broadband subscriptions in 2013 via HSPA platform. 6. Asian Perspective: 7. Introduction of 3G In Bangladesh: The telecoms sector in Bangladesh has seen growth in mobile penetration that has exceeded all expectations with over 65. 1 million subscriber as of September 2010 versus only 4 million in2004. we believe with a supportive regulatory environment, crossing 100 million subscribers by2013 is achievable. The rapid growth in mobile telephony has undoubtedly had a transformative impact on the economy in terms of aggregated investment, FDI and productivity levels. There have also been substantial benefits from greater connectivity in terms of social cohesion and poverty alleviation . However the industry also faces a number of uncertainties, including upcoming telecom license renewals which expire in 2011 and prospective auction/issuance of 3G license where the cost of the licenses and cap ex requirement are still unclear. With India’s auctions having been completed on 19 May 2010 and service delivery under roll out process, it is believable there are number of valuable lessons for the prospective evolution of 3G and beyond 3G markets in Bangladesh. 3Gnetworks are expected to significantly enhance user experience of existing data service, with the introduction of video and other high bandwidth services by carriers; to help 3G really gain adoption among consumers, development of a mobile VAS ecosystem is critical. Mobile data surpassed voice on a global basis in December 2009. it is forecast that mobile broadband users are expected to more than 3. 4bn by 2015(from 360M in 2009). 80% of all people accessing the internet will do so using their mobile device. The main divers for increased activity on the mobile devices are three-fold network in the form of 3G(and future upgrades of 4G+), higher processing power device being available for mass-market price, and the fact that consumers are not only consuming but also producing content at an exponential pace. According to analyst firm ABI research, global mobile voice revenue will peak in 2010, at USD 580 billion, before starting to contract from 2011 onwards. By leveraging the enormous demand for data, service providers can at least partially make up for declining voice revenues. In developing market, voice revenues are likely to continue to expand but data will also become more important. Finally Bangladesh was able to give license for 3G cellular mobile communications. Which are provided high data rate service and 3G video call this service is only available in TELETALK mobile service Provider Company. Recently BTCL will call auction for Gramenphone Company to provide 3G license. Other company is also technically preparing for future 3G service. It is predicting that Bangladesh may under completely 3G services within 2016. Whereas other like Teletalk, GP may prepare for 4G+ cellular mobile communication service within this time. 8. Bangladesh Current Scenario: Since January 2010, the head of BTRC started planning for 3G licensing and stated the operating licenses would be issued in August 2010, which attracted a number of international telecommunication companies’ interests at that time. However, August 2010 came without the regulator committing to an auction. Despite this, the state-run Teletalk proposed launching 3G services ahead of other private mobile operators. In April 2011, both government and mobile operators started to negotiate the 2G licensing renewal, with the 3G spectrum auction having been held up for a long time. After the 2G license renewal, the regulator came to consider 3G licensing again and decided to hold the auction in September 2012. The initial intent was to allocate one concession to state-run operators, three to private operators, and one to a new foreign entrant. But the scheduled September 2012 auction was put off again until 2013 due to the belated settlement of 2G license renewal. The 3G licensing delay, along with 4G licensing, might deter the potential of introducing new technology and foreign investment. Things did not go as smoothly as expected. Since the National Board of Revenue (NBR) in Bangladesh planned to charge a 15% tax over the radio spectrum payments, the mobile operators refused to take part in the auction until the tax rate could be reduced to an acceptable level. After several rounds of postponements and arguments, the auction finally took place on September 8, 2013, based on the premise that the Value Added Tax (VAT) on 3G spectrum fees would be lowered to 5%. Both the high average corporate tax rate (52. 5%) and regulation uncertainties in Bangladesh could frighten foreign investors away, enticing no foreign entrants to the Bangladesh mobile markets. Since Bangladesh is in the critical moment of mobile technology development, the government should learn to efficiently allocate natural sources (like spectrum) and attract necessary investment, rather than take advantage of political power to seize more money from companies. On September 8, 2013, the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) announced that its four local private mobile operators had been assigned 3G spectrum in the 2. 1 GHz band. The spectrum could also be applied for 4G services. The regulator has collected BDT40. 8 billion (US$525 million) from the auction, while the spectrum fee per (paired) MHz is US$21 million. However, 2 x 15 MHz spectrum was left unsold, worth the price of US$315 million. 9. Acceptance of 3G: In recent years, the demand for mobile internet access has grown significantly. The number of pages viewed on the mobile Web browser Opera grew from 1. 8 billion pages in January 2008 to51. 5 billion pages in February 2011 where 7. 3 petabytes of operator data were compressed for 89. 8 million Opera Mini users [1]. Nevertheless, the current technology is not widely. Successful to serve and to satisfy the users because of its low transmission rate and high service costs. Consequently, research is going and new concepts toward evolution are subjected to verify for implementation throughout the world. Based on the requirements of high speed mobile wireless access services, wireless systems can be broadly classified as into two groups; Cellular system based on IMT 2000 (WCDMA, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+, LTE/LTE-Advanced by 3GPP,CDMA2000 1X) and Extension of fixed wireless systems incorporate mobile functions i. e. WiMAX (IEEE 802. 16e) IEEE 802. 16m. The overall evolution of cellular technology is diagrammatically shown in Figure-1[2]. LTE Advanced is a broadband mobile communication standard. It is being standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) as a major enhancement of the pre-4G 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard, which verified to be insufficient to satisfy market’s demand [3]. The 3G PP group has been working on different aspects to improve LTE performance, using for this purpose the framework provided by LTE Advanced, which includes some advanced features. Figure 2 shows a typical migration scenario toward LTE-Advanced. The horizontal axis explains the performance which includes capacity, through put, latency and cost, etc. LTE (Release-8) area will be overlaid firstly with 3G area and expanded gradually according to the customer’s demand. Since LTE-Advanced is based on the LTE Rel. 8 and supported with full backward compatibility with LTE Rel. 8, LTE-Advanced UE can be shared with LTE of previous release in the same frequency and area Thus, the migration from LTE toward LTE-Advanced is very smooth, e. g. support of CA with new frequency to improve the capacity and throughput. In In this research work, it has been presented a detail review on the LTE-Advanced mobile broad band communication systems and outlines some features that are still in progress. Other words, LTE operators can easily upgrade to the LTE-Advanced according to the market demands and new frequency allocation. 10. Current Statistics: â€Å"†The number of Internet users in the country touched the 33. 43 million mark at the end of April this year, according to a senior official of the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC). About 95 per cent of them use the Internet through mobile phones, while the rest use broadband Internet from Internet Service Providers (ISP), he said. Suman Ahmed Sabir, former vice-president of the Internet Service Providers Association of Bangladesh (ISPAB), described the spurt in the number of Internet users as a positive one. He said dependence on mobile phones for surfing the Internet has increased sharply, as ISPs carry out their operations only in major cities, including the capital. He also said lack of infrastructure has forced many ISPs to stop their operations outside Dhaka. He further said the growth of broadband Internet has been slow in the country, even though there is an urgent need for proper development of the information and communication sector. He said the government should take steps to reach the Internet to persons in charge of responsible government offices. Mobile phone operators submit the number of their customers who apply for the minimum Internet connectivity of 90 days, according to an official of a mobile phone operator. According to him, the number of Internet users has been increasing rapidly since six mobile phone companies and two Wimax operators across the country have started offering different Internet packages. He expressed the hope that introduction of the new 3G technology would push up even more the number of Internet users. Now, the government-run Teletalk offers a limited 3G technology to its customers, he added. Of the telecom operators, Grameenphone is leading the sector with 10 million Internet subscribers, followed by Banglalinks 9. 7 million, Robis 4. 4 million, Airtels 2. 8 million, Citycells 0. 3 million and Teletalks 0. 255 million. Internet service providers (ISPs) and PSTN (public switched telephone network) operators have around 1. 22 million users, while two Wimax operators Banglalion and Qubee have 0. 49 million customers with Internet connectivity. TIM Nurul Kabir, secretary general of the Association of Mobile Telecom Operators of Bangladesh (AMTOB), said surfing has become important for mobile phone users. â€Å"Mobile phones have become a service tool. It is providing multiple services to the people. In addition to voice call, mobile phones provide different data and multimedia services. Thats why people are using such phones to conduct their everyday business,† he added. †Ã¢â‚¬  –Collected from http://www. theindependentbd. com 11. Network coverage of 3G in Bangladesh: When the first time 3G was launched in Bangladesh Teletalk covered all the areas that were covered before with 2G. But later when other network companies get the license for launching 3G the only covered the major areas of Dhaka and then on Chittagong. But now as the time new technology has grabbed everyone’s attention and everyone is interested to get the service they are spreading their network. But Still they are only covering the major cities of the countries districts. But the state owned Teletalk is covering almost all over Bangladesh. 12. Pricing of 3G: When Teletalk started their journey with the 3G technology they set their price for the service a bit higher. But after the permission of the other companies using 3G technology the price is falling. Even though the price is not affordable by all but we can hope that the price will fall and every mobile phone user will be able to effort the service. But as Teletalk is a state owned company they were able to maintain the price leadership of the market, whereas the companies are still working on their marketing strategies and priceings and offers.